Cloning Nexenta to a New Server
I have been upgrading my lab equipment and it has required me to move my back end NexentaCore from a physical server to a virtual server. Nexenta is great because it offers ZFS on a solaris with apt as a package manager. ZFS is great for storage. It has comstar, a built in block level target that can handle FCOE,FC, and iSCSI. NFS and CIFS are also built into ZFS. Soon it will be stable on Linux. I would highly recommend ZFS for a storage platform.
Since this is my media server I did not want to reinstall until Illumian is actually stable and working. A clone seems to be the most logical way to migrate it. Since all of the data and export settings are stored on the disks, we can clone over the OS and everything else will come with the disks.
Install NCP on another server
When installing Nexenta on the target server, the settings are not all that important. The purpose of installing it is to create a zpool mirror for the syspool and install grub. So this can be done with a live cd, but for simplicity I chose to install another system to leverage the installer.
During the install ensure that you set a static IP address. The installer will not start nwam by default, so the system will not get a DHCP lease.
If you chose DHCP, start NWAM after the install.
[email protected]:~# svcadm enable nwam
By default, PermitRootLogin will be set to “no”. We want to enable root login so that we can replicate the syspool over to this server.
[email protected]:~# sed -i 's/PermitRootLogin no/PermitRootLogin yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
[email protected]:~# grep PermitRootLogin /etc/ssh/sshd_config
PermitRootLogin yes
Restart the ssh service
[email protected]:~# svcadm restart ssh
Find the IP address of this server if you used DHCP
[email protected]:~# ifconfig -a |grep inet
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask ff000000
inet 10.0.1.29 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 10.0.1.255
inet6 ::1/128
Now confirm that root can ssh into the target server from the source server.
[email protected]:~$ ssh 10.0.1.29 -l root
Password:
Last login: Sat Mar 17 01:44:23 2012 from 10.0.1.83
[email protected]:~#
Identify the active clone on the source system
On the source we want to identify the current boot volume so that we can clone it to the new server. To do this we will use apt-clone on the nexenta system. In illumian and NexentaStor 4.x this command will be replaced with beadm.
[email protected]:~# apt-clone -l
A C BOOTFS TITLE
rootfs-nmu-001 Rollback Checkpoint [nmu-001 : May 22 22:15:36 2011]
o o rootfs-nmu-003 Rollback Checkpoint [nmu-003 : Mar 6 17:46:55 2012]
rootfs-nmu-000 Nexenta Core Platform "Hardy" [initial]
rootfs-nmu-002 Upgrade Checkpoint [nmu-002 : Aug 28 17:38:01 2011]
In the case above rootfs-nmu-003 is the active clone. Lets check how much space that clone is taking.
[email protected]:~# zfs list syspool/rootfs-nmu-003
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
syspool/rootfs-nmu-003 546M 45.9G 3.56G legacy
The target server will need to have at least 3.56G free. Lets confirm that it does.
[email protected]:~# zfs list syspool
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
syspool 2.99G 4.82G 35K none
It has enough space and when we clean up the fresh install of the new system, it will have plenty of free space.
Take a snapshot on the active clone
Since we have identified our source clone to be syspool/rootfs-nmu-003, we need to take a snapshot that will be replicated to the target server.
[email protected]:~# zfs snapshot syspool/[email protected]
Confirm that it was taken properly.
[email protected]:~# zfs list -t snapshot |grep "syspool/rootfs-nmu-003"
syspool/[email protected] 1.00M - 3.56G -
Replicate the snapshot over to the new server
There are multiple ways of replicating the data over to the new system. The easiest is to shut down the services that will change on the OS drive and do a single replication. Since the new server does not have the zpools yet, it is best to export them before doing the replication.
From the source server we will replicate the snapshot over to the new target servers syspool (See the ZFS man page for more details). The command below will take some time as it is sending the zfs volume over ssh. In this case we use the arcfour cipher because it should be a fast cipher (More details on arcfour).
[email protected]:~# zfs send syspool/[email protected] |ssh 10.0.1.29 -c arcfour "zfs recv syspool/rootfs-nmu-003"
While this is sending, we can check the progress on the target server. We can see below that it has created syspool/rootfs-nmu-003 and that it has already transferred 83.7M.
[email protected]:~# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
syspool 3.07G 4.74G 35K none
syspool/dump 716M 4.74G 716M -
syspool/rootfs-nmu-000 1.26G 4.74G 1010M legacy
syspool/rootfs-nmu-003 83.7M 4.74G 83.7M none
syspool/swap 1.03G 5.77G 16K -
After the replication completes we should see the full size of the volume on the target server.
[email protected]:~# zfs list syspool/rootfs-nmu-003
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
syspool/rootfs-nmu-003 3.56G 1.26G 3.56G none
Activate the volume using apt-clone
Now that we have our data over on the target server, we need to activate the cloned volume to be the boot volume.
First lets check to see what the current active boot volume is.
[email protected]:~# apt-clone -l
A C BOOTFS TITLE
o o rootfs-nmu-000 Nexenta Core Platform "Hardy" [initial]
Apt-clone does not list our replicated one, but when we go to activate it the new volume will be imported.
[email protected]:~# apt-clone -a rootfs-nmu-003
This will set default GRUB entry to 'syspool/rootfs-nmu-003'. Proceed ? (y/n) y
Upgrade changes for clone 'syspool/rootfs-nmu-003' has been activated.
Default GRUB entry '0' will boot 'syspool/rootfs-nmu-003' ZFS clone.
Grub is updated to include the new boot volume and it is set as the default option. Let confirm that that changes took.
[email protected]:~# apt-clone -l
A C BOOTFS TITLE
o o rootfs-nmu-003 Nexenta Core Platform [nmu-003 : Mar 17 02:15:56 2012]
rootfs-nmu-000 Upgrade Checkpoint [nmu-000 : Mar 16 20:58:06 2012]
Reboot to confirm it is working
Now that we have activated our new volume as the boot volume, we can reboot the system and confirm that it comes up with the configuration. The default boot volume in grub is the one we just activated, so there should be no need for manual intervention during the boot. If the boot fails, you can select rootfs-nmu-000 to boot into the fresh install and troubleshoot.
[email protected]:~# reboot
Connection to 10.0.1.29 closed by remote host.
Connection to 10.0.1.29 closed.
When the target system boots, it should come up with the boot volume from the source server. Network should be offline unless you were using DHCP before the migration, so you will want to login on the console.
ZFS Open Storage Appliance (v3.0.5)
fileserver2 console login:
We can already see that the hostname has changed to the source’s. If you did not export the zpools before the migration, they will likely be showing failures now.
[email protected]:~# zpool status data
pool: data
state: UNAVAIL
status: One or more devices could not be opened. There are insufficient
replicas for the pool to continue functioning.
action: Attach the missing device and online it using 'zpool online'.
see: http://www.sun.com/msg/ZFS-8000-3C
scan: none requested
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
data UNAVAIL 0 0 0 insufficient replicas
raidz1-0 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 insufficient replicas
c5t4d0 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 cannot open
c5t0d0 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 cannot open
c5t5d0 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 cannot open
c5t6d0 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 cannot open
raidz1-1 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 insufficient replicas
c4t15d0 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 cannot open
c5t3d0 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 cannot open
c4t16d0 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 cannot open
c5t7d0 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 cannot open
raidz1-2 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 insufficient replicas
c4t9d0 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 cannot open
c4t10d0 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 cannot open
c5t1d0 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 cannot open
c5t2d0 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 cannot open
Export the missing pools.
[email protected]:~# zpool export data
[email protected]:~# zpool list
NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT
syspool 7.94G 5.62G 2.32G 70% 1.00x ONLINE -
Fix the network on the target system
The hardware has changed so the NICs will have new MACs and will be numbered differently. Network will likely not work until the interfaces are changed back to the original names or the hostname.interface files are renamed. I chose to rename the interfaces.
Show the current interface names.
[email protected]:~# dladm show-link
LINK CLASS MTU STATE BRIDGE OVER
e1000g8 phys 16298 unknown -- --
Rename the interface.
[email protected]:~# dladm rename-link e1000g8 e1000g0
[email protected]:~# dladm show-link
LINK CLASS MTU STATE BRIDGE OVER
e1000g0 phys 16298 unknown -- --
At this point I would reboot to confirm that it comes online as expected before cleaning up in the next section.
Destroy the old clones
Now that we know everything is working on the target server, its time to clean up the base installation that is taking up 1.2G on the boot syspool.
NOTE: Make sure that these commands are run on the target server.
Confirm that we still have the new volume as the active one.
[email protected]:~# apt-clone -l
A C BOOTFS TITLE
o o rootfs-nmu-003 Nexenta Core Platform [nmu-003 : Mar 17 02:15:56 2012]
rootfs-nmu-000 Upgrade Checkpoint [nmu-000 : Mar 16 20:58:06 2012]
Remove rootfs-nmu-000 from grub and apt-clone.
[email protected]:~# apt-clone -r rootfs-nmu-000
This will destroy clone 'syspool/rootfs-nmu-000'. Proceed ? (y/n) y
Upgrade changes for clone 'syspool/rootfs-nmu-000' now rolled back/destroyed.
Delete rootfs-nmu-000 from the syspool.
[email protected]:~# zfs destroy -r syspool/rootfs-nmu-000
Confirm that the space is reclaimed.
[email protected]:~# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
syspool 5.39G 2.42G 35.5K legacy
syspool/dump 716M 2.42G 716M -
syspool/rootfs-nmu-003 3.66G 2.42G 3.55G legacy
syspool/swap 1.03G 3.45G 5.61M -
Next lets cleanup the snapshot we created on the target server syspool/[email protected]
[email protected]:~# zfs destroy syspool/[email protected]
Now the new system should be booting from the replicated boot volume from the source server. You can now export the zpools on the source server, move disks and import them on the target server.
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<p class="wp-flattr-button">
<a class="FlattrButton" style="display:none;" href="http://virtuallyhyper.com/2012/03/cloning-nexenta-to-a-new-server/" title=" Cloning Nexenta to a New Server" rev="flattr;uid:virtuallyhyper;language:en_GB;category:text;tags:apt-clone,dladm,Nexenta,syspool,ZFS,zpool,blog;button:compact;">If you had a chance to read my previous blog regarding migrating the root ZFS pool to a smaller drive, first of all I wanted to apologize for the longevity...</a>
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